Egypt has formally lodged a complaint with the United Nations Security Council, voicing its deep concerns over Ethiopia’s unilateral actions regarding the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD).
In a letter from Foreign Minister Badr Abdel Atty, Egypt accused Ethiopia of advancing the dam’s construction and filling its reservoir without adequate consultation with downstream nations, particularly Cairo.
The letter underscores Egypt’s long-standing fears that the dam poses a threat to its vital water supply from the Nile River, highlighting the precarious situation for the country, which relies on the river for nearly all of its freshwater.
Egypt, a nation of 106 million people situated in one of the world’s driest regions, is particularly worried about the potential reduction in its water share, which could disrupt food security and endanger agricultural jobs.
The Egyptian government emphasized its commitment to negotiations, stating that it has engaged in discussions with Ethiopia for over 13 years. However, the letter expresses frustration that these negotiations have stalled, suggesting that Ethiopia’s intentions may lean toward establishing a “de facto situation” on the ground.
Tensions have heightened recently, particularly after Egypt increased its military presence in neighboring Somalia, prompting Ethiopia to reconsider its military commitments there. Somalia has reacted fiercely against Ethiopia’s plans to lease land in Somaliland, viewing the move as a direct violation of its sovereignty.
Ethiopia, meanwhile, has maintained that the GERD is critical for its development and has reassured both Egypt and Sudan that the dam will not adversely affect their water supplies. As the situation remains delicate, Egypt’s plea to the UN reflects its determination to safeguard its water interests and regional stability while preparing to take necessary actions to defend its position.
