Medical professionals have raised alarm over the growing use of asthma inhalers that lack critical components necessary for effective disease management. Speaking during an interview with Citizen TV, Dr. Jacqueline Kagima from Kenyatta National Hospital emphasized that effective inhalers must contain both inhalable corticosteroids and bronchodilators.
Dr. Kagima warned that commonly used ‘blue inhalers’, often preferred due to their affordability, costing between Ksh 200 and Ksh 400, do not contain these essential ingredients and therefore do not adequately treat asthma. “They may provide short-term relief but do not reduce inflammation, which is central to asthma management,” she stated.
Corticosteroids are anti-inflammatory medications that reduce airway swelling, while bronchodilators help open the airways by relaxing surrounding muscles. Both are vital in maintaining clear and functional airways for asthma patients.
Dr. Kagima noted that while children may be prescribed the blue inhaler, it is usually paired with a second inhaler containing corticosteroids. Adults, however, are often given combination inhalers containing both components.
Highlighting the risks of improper inhaler use, Dr. Kagima stressed that incorrect usage may lead doctors to mistakenly classify a patient’s asthma as severe, simply because the medication hasn’t reached the lungs effectively.
Asthma, a noncommunicable disease affecting people of all ages, is caused by inflammation and muscle tightening around the airways. According to the World Health Organization, it affected 262 million people globally and caused 455,000 deaths in 2019. In Kenya, its prevalence is estimated at 7.5%, though Dr. Kagima suspects the actual figure is higher due to limited research coverage.
Risk factors include genetics (non-modifiable) and environmental factors such as air pollution, infections, smoking, allergies, obesity, and occupational exposure (modifiable). “If not properly managed, even mild asthma can progress to a severe form,” she warned.
She called for stricter regulation of inhaler distribution in pharmacies and advised patients to verify that their inhalers contain both a corticosteroid and bronchodilator. “Once diagnosed with asthma, you need consistent treatment, proper use of medication, and regular follow-up. Asthma is not curable, but with good management, patients can lead normal lives, some without needing inhalers long term,” she concluded.
Written By Rodney Mbua
