Several public health experts and stakeholders gathered at the JW Marriott Hotel in Nairobi County for the 4th Harm Reduction Exchange, focusing on innovative strategies to curb the devastating impact of combustible cigarettes.
The conference explored scientific approaches to tobacco harm reduction, emphasizing alternatives such as heated tobacco products to assist smokers in overcoming their addictions, inspired by successful models from countries like Japan.
Dr. Mercy Korir, a renowned health journalist and medical practitioner, delivered a keynote speech on the critical role media plays in public health, particularly in promoting tobacco harm reduction.
“Ethical journalism around tobacco reduction is grounded in principles of accuracy, transparency, and a commitment to public health,” she stated, highlighting the need for trustworthy information in shaping public perceptions and policies.
Dr. Kariuki Michael, a consultant pediatrician, public health specialist, and founding member of the Harm Reduction Society in Kenya, provided insights into smokeless tobacco use across the country.
He noted that rural areas show higher nasal snuff usage at 3.7%, while urban populations tend toward chewing tobacco at 1.8%. “With rising oral cancer risks, awareness is crucial,” he emphasized. He also raised concerns about the health implications of unregulated smokeless products, many of which are locally made, calling for urgent studies to assess their toxicity and carcinogenic risks.
The conference illuminated the steady increase in smokeless tobacco use with age, rising from 3.0% among those aged 30-39 to 8.9% in the 60-69 age group. These statistics highlight the pressing need for effective public health interventions.
Prof. Karl Fagerstrom from Sweden shared successful strategies that have introduced alternative, less harmful nicotine products, such as nicotine pouches and Snus. He pointed out that over 8 million people die from tobacco-related causes each year, underscoring the urgent need for continued advocacy and innovation in harm reduction.
Leiyan Amos, a consumer advocate, urged nicotine product manufacturers to devise new strategies to build trust among consumers seeking safer alternatives.
“We must prioritize health over profit,” she stated, echoing concerns raised during the discussions.
Chimwemwe Ngoma, a renown public health researcher from Malawi, noted the alarming increase in combustible cigarette use in Africa compared to declining rates in developed nations adopting alternative nicotine products.
He called on governments to implement regulations aimed at assisting those struggling with smoking addiction, recognizing the issue’s widespread impact.
Dr. Viviene Manyeki, a public health specialist, emphasized the necessity of including the political class in conversations about harm reduction.
“Without their support to enact supportive laws in Parliament, we cannot effectively advance harm reduction initiatives,” she warned.
Dr. Cedric Namegabe, an expert in public health, highlighted the cultural dimensions of tobacco use in the DRC, noting that tobacco is often intertwined with daily life in rural communities.
He stressed the need for tailored communication strategies to raise awareness about safer alternatives to traditional tobacco products. “In our efforts to promote Tobacco Harm Reduction, we must recognize that rural populations may not have the same access to education and resources as urban dwellers,” Dr. Namegabe remarked.
His emphasis on innovative communication methods underscores the complexity of promoting THR in culturally rich and varied contexts.
Professor Karl Fagerström, a distinguished expert in nicotine science, joined the conversation virtually from Sweden. His insights into the neurobiological and behavioral aspects of nicotine addiction provided a deeper understanding of what motivates individuals to smoke.
“Nicotine is just one part of the equation,” Professor Fagerström explained, pointing out that social and psychological factors, along with the sensory experiences associated with smoking, play significant roles in maintaining the habit.
His research highlights the need for comprehensive strategies that address not only the physical addiction to nicotine but also the psychological and social dimensions of tobacco use.
Dr. Mohamed S. Eltaweel, a consultant psychiatrist from Egypt, further expanded on the clinical integration of Tobacco Harm Reduction strategies. He argued for the necessity of incorporating THR into standard clinical practice, which includes educating healthcare professionals about the various options for smoking cessation beyond traditional methods.
“Understanding the diverse approaches to supporting patients in their quit efforts is crucial for effective treatment,” Dr. Eltaweel noted. His call for an evidence-based approach to counseling reflects a growing recognition of the importance of personalization in cessation strategies.
