Nairobi has been ranked Africa’s third-most polluted major city, according to data released Tuesday by Swiss air quality monitor IQAir, highlighting growing concerns over urban air quality and public health.
The Kenyan capital ranks 83rd globally with an Air Quality Index (AQI) reading of 92, placing it in the ‘moderate’ category but significantly above the World Health Organization’s recommended annual PM2.5 level of 5 µg/m³.
Across the continent, Kinshasa leads as Africa’s most polluted city (AQI 199), followed by Cairo and Kampala, while Johannesburg, Dakar, and Accra have the cleanest air in Africa. Globally, Baghdad tops the list with the worst air quality (AQI 256).
IQAir identifies fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as Nairobi’s dominant pollutant. In 2020, the city’s average PM2.5 concentration was 14.7 µg/m³, nearly 1.5 times the WHO threshold.
Health experts warn that prolonged exposure to such pollutants increases the risk of respiratory illnesses, including asthma, as well as heart disease, cancer, and complications in pregnancy and fetal development.
PM2.5 particles are particularly hazardous as they can enter the bloodstream and damage vital organs, including the liver, kidneys, and reproductive system.
Key sources of pollution in Nairobi include the high number of older vehicles, industrial emissions, construction activities, roadworks, and open burning. Notable pollution hotspots include Dandora Phase 4 (AQI 112) and Kariobangi North Health Center (AQI 90).
Experts say urgent measures are needed to reduce emissions and protect public health, as continued exposure threatens Nairobi residents’ well-being.
Written By Rodney Mbua
