State Judiciary not immune to the lures of corruption: says Uhuru

February 28, 2019

President Uhuru Kenyatta today said the judiciary is not immune to the temptations of corruption and its officers must guard against criminals out to exploit court processes to escape the consequences of their economic crimes.

President Kenyatta said brokerage of justice has left many Kenyans broken and suffering and their businesses, health and lives destroyed through impunity.

He said there are known culprits who exploit the court processes and judgements to escape from the consequences of their economic crimes against the people of Kenya

“Corruption is continuing its vicious attack on our people and our nation. The Judiciary is not immune to its illicit lures, and its intimidation,” said President Kenyatta who was accompanied by Deputy President William Ruto, and the two speakers of the National Assembly and Senate, Justin Muturi and Ken Lusaka respectively.

The President spoke at the Supreme Court grounds, Nairobi where he witnessed the presentation of the 7thState of Judiciary and Administration of Justice Report (SOJAR), 2017/18.

The annual report is a statement of accountability in which the judiciary details its successes and challenges during the year in review while drawing a roadmap on how to fix the identified gaps.

Brokers of justice, said President Kenyatta , have persistently exploited the judicial system to block and stall government projects worth huge sums of money.

“ As I speak today, projects worth colossal amounts of money have stalled, either because the court has put injunctions or stopped the processes all together,” he said

The President said it was unfortunate that a thread of selfish individuals have continued to block government projects with undeclared interests and in the process left many Kenyans suffering and denied essential services.

“And as if this is not enough, the tax payer has to honour interest and penalty payments on loans for stalled projects,” said the President

Chief Justice David Maraga agreed with the President that corruption was endemic in the country, including the Judiciary and urged all Kenyans to say no to it.

President Kenyatta said no Kenyan is above the law and the judicial system should not be used to protect some individuals.

“Using the law to protect individuals from the law is indeed a profound assault on justice. It damages and endangers our constitutional dispensation, and if allowed to continue, risks casting us, with time, into a judicial tyranny,” he said.

The President said that there was a growing feeling among Kenyans that some judicial officers and legal professionals are beyond the reach of the law.

“A crook is a crook, whether in a Judge’s or an Advocate’s Robes, and should not be treated any different from a crook in overalls. If anything, the Judiciary should hold itself to higher standard,” the Head of State said

The President said only when the judiciary subjects itself to the same standards it expects from other Kenyans that the citizens can have continued faith in the bench.

He said Kenyans hunger to live in a fair country where the rules apply to all and, morality and the law are upheld.

The Head of State said outside the court rooms, Kenyans are crying for three things–action against those misappropriating public resources, protection from terrorists and for justice to be done and seen to be done.

“Kenyans want to live in a country where the wealthy and powerful are held to account and where citizens live free from the fear of crime,” the President said.

While reiterating his commitment to uphold and safeguard the constitution, President Kenyatta asked the judiciary not to excuse or lower the burden of proof in all trials, but ensure that this determination is made honestly and lawfully.

He commended the judiciary for playing its role, sometimes with very courageous judgements, but called for respect of the constitutional separation of roles and powers among the three arms of government.

“In particular, refrain from setting policy as this is the role of the Executive; refrain from making law as this is the work of the Legislature,” he told the judiciary.

The President said Kenyans expect more from the judiciary because they know that this arm of government has the capacity to meet and exceed its expectations.

Search on for new IG as Boinnet’s term nears end

Dan Ojumah

February 28, 2019

The Inspector General of Joseph Kipchirchir Boinnet term enters its final 30 days tomorrow (1st March 2019). Boinnet replaced David Mwole Kimaiyo in December 2014 after he was nominated to the position by President Uhuru Kenyatta

He has being instrumental in improving the image and brand of the police force after years of lethargy

He is independence Kenya’s second Inspector General and the first to complete a term uninterrupted.
As a merger of the intelligence community, Boinnet has brought in relative calm into the boys in blue turned navy blue boys…. literally.
He is supported by Deputy Inspector Generals in charge of the Police and Administration Police who may all want to likely succeed him.

This however is difficult given that he (Boinnet) was plucked from the NIS, side stepping other sitting senior officers.
Lately however, senior security jobs such as EACC, Coast Guard and Department of Immigration have been taken over by tried and tested KDF Generals or people with a background in the intelligence system.

Will the appointing authority appoint a boy or girl in blue or turn to the mean and efficient pool of the mean KDF men to run the Kenya police service? Keep it Uzalendo.

Ruto defends KQ-KAA Deal, urges MPs to stop fighting it

Dan Ojumah

February 28, 2019

Deputy President William Ruto has come out to defend the ongoing JKIA takeover claiming it is “irresponsible” for Kenyans not to support the ongoing efforts to revive Kenya Airways from debilitating debts.

Dr. Ruto praised Kenya Airways, a national carrier for its efforts to promote economic growth through tourism, horticulture and infrastructure through the direct contribution of 70 percent of the KAA revenue.

He also added that the cabinet had approved for a strategic vehicle to reform Kenya Airways and said that once this is done, the Parliament will deliberate on the issue before the Cabinet takes a position on the same.

“When we put in place a mechanism to save an institution as important as KQ, only for Members of parliament to start fighting it…its unfair…even before we start all manners of allegations are made…we must remain robustly independent but constructively interdependent…”, said Ruto.

Ruto denies alleged Sh21 billion loss in Dam scam

Dan Ojumah

February 28, 2019

Deputy President William Ruto has claimed that the Sh 21 billion dams scandal is false.
The DP says only Sh. 7 billion had been paid to the contractor and that the funds were secured through a bank guarantee.

He also added that the war on graft must be very factual and urged the media to report their findings responsibly.

“When we say Sh. 11billion is lost….and when we go to court it turns out only Sh.100miĺlion is the figure…what happens to the rest…we shoot ourselves on the feet, the DP said.

“The Sh.21b loss is a flat lie… We must seek to be report correctly on these and other matters” the DP said.

The Deputy President was speaking during the State of the Judiciary Address by President Uhuru Kenya.

First ever global scientific eating plan forgets the world’s poor

Dan Ojumah

February 28, 2019

The Mediterranean diet. Foxys Forest Manufacture/Shutterstock Silvia Alonso Alvarez, International Livestock Research Institute ; Isabelle Baltenweck, International Livestock Research Institute ; Lora Iannotti, Washington University in St Louis, and Paula Dominguez-Salas, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine

A team of 37 world-leading scientists from 16 countries have just released the world’s first ever scientific eating plan. The “planetary health diet” is designed to be healthier for people and more environmentally friendly.

The team warns that the way we eat now threatens both our health and the long-term survival of the planet. They say the current food system dangerously overproduces greenhouse gases, misuses fertiliser, and causes large-scale food wastage and massive land degradation.

Their solution is to shift to a diet that transforms this damaging food system. This diet would sustainably feed up to 10 billion people by 2050 and avert about 11 million premature adult deaths a year due to cardiovascular disease and other non-communicable diseases.

The diet sounds like a silver bullet, but we have found it to be slightly problematic. It doesn’t recognise the enormous differences across the world when it comes to food consumption and production systems.

It suggests we need less livestock in the world because they damage the environment and produce health-threatening foods – like meat. To most people in developed countries, livestock are the source of neatly packaged foods, readily available in the supermarket. To one billion people in developing countries, livestock are much, much more. They are a source of much-needed livelihoods, incomes, jobs, savings, and nutrition. In some environments, fruits and vegetables may be difficult to grow, and food security depends strongly on animal-source produce.

The report doesn’t deny any of this: it’s simply rather quiet on it. This could easily lend itself to misinterpretation and push the international development community, donors and governments to reduce investments on increasing access and affordability of animal source foods in countries where positive contributions of these products remain essential for health and life.

A healthy diet?

The authors describe what they call a “universal healthy reference diet” as an alternative to standard current diets which they qualify as imbalanced as reliant on red meat and sugar.

Drawing on studies, mostly conducted in middle and upper income countries, they propose a diet that consists of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, nuts and unsaturated oils – a diet that’s not very different from the so-called Mediterranean diet. It includes a low to moderate amount of seafood and poultry, but little to no red meat, added sugar, refined grains or starchy vegetables, and only a small amount of dairy.

One of the issues that has provoked the most debate about the report is whether the scientific evidence base regarding what constitutes a “healthy diet” is robust enough. Most of the evidence it cites regarding healthy diets comes from observational studies – these can’t prove a causal link between the consumption of specific products, like red meat, and health issues, like heart disease.

Needs of poor

The report also claims that its recommendations are flexible enough to be tailored to the preferences and cultures of different populations, as well as to their specific livelihoods.

But at no point do the authors explain how the world’s less well-off – who tend to subsist on poor quality starches and who have limited access to milk, meat, eggs, fish – could follow their recommendations.

Many rural households, for example, have limited access to markets and generally depend on rain-fed agriculture for their foods. These families consume most of their calories from staple crops such as maize or manioc, foods that lack the variety of nutrients necessary for health and well-being. Even if they produce other foods such as eggs, dairy, fish from aquaculture, or cash crops such as vegetables or fruits, they will likely sell these foods to support other needs like school fees or health care costs. And many people who live in urban areas in emerging and developing economies face similar difficulties affording a healthy diet.

Sub-Saharan Africa is mentioned a few times in the report. The report notes that because carbohydrate intake is high in many parts of the continent,

the promotion of animal source foods, including livestock products, can improve dietary quality, micronutrient intake, nutrient status and overall health.

But the report doesn’t expand on these issues and many, in Africa and Asia, need to increase rather than decrease their consumption of animal source foods.

Divisive report

Another criticism is that much of the report focuses on adult diets, yet about one in four people in the world are children less than 15 years old. As they grow and develop they have very different nutritional needs to adults.

The report has a short section that touches on the importance of breastfeeding for infants and iron for adolescent girls and pregnant and lactating women but does not fully address nutrition in these populations or in other phases of childhood.

By touting diets low in meat or dairy, it could even be harmful as animal source foods are important and provide nutrients that support rapid growth and immune protection. School-age children, in particular, require zinc, iron, iodine, vitamin A, B12, among others from animal source foods for brain development and health.

The EAT-Lancet report has done an important job in bringing global attention to the question of how to sustainably feed the world’s growing population. But now it needs to take the next step and fully incorporate the perspectives of the poorer people in developing and emerging economies and of the vast emerging global middle classes.

Silvia Alonso Alvarez, Senior scientist – Epidemiologist, International Livestock Research Institute ; Isabelle Baltenweck, Deputy Program Leader, Policies, Institutions and Livelihoods, International Livestock Research Institute ; Lora Iannotti, Associate Professor, Washington University in St Louis, and Paula Dominguez-Salas, Assistant Professor of Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Why fixing Africa’s data gaps will lead to better health policies

Dan Ojumah

February 28, 2019

An aid worker collects health and nutrition data in northeastern Kenya. Shutterstock Damazo T. Kadengye, African Population and Health Research Center

There’s been a data revolution around the world driven by advances in information technology and a need for research that responds to complex developmental issues.

African countries are also experiencing the revolution when it comes to volume, types, sources, frequency and speed of data production. This is particularly true in the population and health sector. There’s more population and health information available in the public domain than ever.

Ministries of health in most African countries conduct periodic health programme reviews to establish whether policies are producing the desired results. Countries also undertake assessments on the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases. This is done through frequent analysis of routinely collected data with the aim of improving programmes.

These periodic reviews usually serve as important input for national strategic plans. But there are still challenges with the collection of accurate and timely data, their utility, use and analytical capacity. This means that it remains difficult for many countries to develop evidence-based policies.

Mapping the issues

A number of challenges face countries trying to improve the collation and use of reliable data. Here are some of them.

Coordination: There are multiple sources of health data. These include household surveys, census, health facilities, disease surveillance, policy data and research studies. Datasets are increasingly spatially referenced and would be valuable in informing health programmes and monitoring performance. But they remain relatively under-used. It’s important to find a way to bridge this gap and increase discovery and use of data.

A platform for analytic support and triangulation of available data is needed. This would reduce fragmentation and duplication while improving efficiency.

Frequency of analysis: The premise of evidence-based decision making is that health data lack value unless they are analysed and actually used to inform decisions.

This is why coordinated and systematic analysis and review of all available data is essential. The analysis and reviews must be done at regular intervals. Regular programme assessments are critical, but are often lacking or insufficient.

Data structures: Periodical population and health surveys often consist of quantitative, qualitative and geospatial data that is voluminous and/or comprehensive. This requires well trained staffs with appropriate analytical skills to make meaning of these data.

Routinely collected health service or register-based data is common in the health sector and is traditionally used for reporting purposes. This data are longitudinal and provide wider coverage – geographically and in terms of the items recorded. This allows for trends in the use of services to be estimated. But the use of routinely collected data in most African countries has been far from optimal. This is mainly due to a lack of analytical capacity and low government demand for the data.

Data Quality: Health data, especially routinely collected service data, often have quality issues. These include missing values and errors in data entry and computation.

These errors can lead to wrong results, wrong conclusions and wrong recommendations. They can also mean that new priorities, policies and programmes based on the data will be wrong.

In addition, data analysis, dissemination and use in the sector are held back. This is a problem because the use of information sources beyond routine health management information is already weak.

Good quality data are essential for proper planning, budgeting and implementation of development activities, particularly those in essential services sectors such as public health. In the absence of quality data public resources investments are often based on guessed estimates, this leads to wastage.

Data Cost: Data collection, handling, archival and analysis is still expensive in terms of capacity, logistics and financial implications for most countries in sub-Saharan Africa. National statistical offices don’t have the necessary technological, financial and human resource capacities to collect, process and disseminate the required data.

Making data work

African countries continue to work towards achieving national and regional commitments to improving data collection and use. But it’s critical that governments invest in relevant, timely and accurate data production for decision-making.

Data actors including data managers, statisticians and data analysts need to be involved at every stage. They need to be part of mapping out the problems as well as designing research methodologies and figuring out how to collect, analyse and disseminate data.

A wide range of data, including earth observation and geospatial data, needs to be leveraged to review progress in meeting health and wellbeing targets. This is critical to improving the effectiveness and sustainability of health systems.

And there’s an urgent need to shift the focus from data to information and knowledge. This includes working with end users, like health departments, to create tools to access information.

Finally, governments need to make resources available to meet commitments to providing quality and affordable health care for all. This could be done by mobilising domestic resource, setting standard data indicators (for collection, analysis and reporting) and strengthening national statistics bodies.

Commitment may be the first step towards affordable health care. But more needs to be done to harness the power of data for public health.

Michelle Mbuthia, a Communications Officer at APHRC and Caroline Kabaria, a Postdoctoral Researcher at APHRC contributed to this article.

Damazo T. Kadengye, Associate Research Scientist / Statistician, African Population and Health Research Center

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

How politicians shared dams compensation cash

Dan Ojumah

February 27, 2019

Details are emerging that cash meant to compensate people displaced for the construction of two mega dams was collected by politicians.
The close to Sh. 4Billion was ostensibly collected and handed over to the contractor who in turn forwarded to some elected leaders for onward distribution.

It is not clear why the beneficiaries were not paid directly as is normally the case in such dealings.
Sources within the investigations told Uzalendo News that the idea was to enhance relations between the contractor and the local people in a bid to ensure smooth relations with the community.
It is not clear whether any of the land owners were compensated.
National Lands Commision is said to be fully aware of the transaction and it’s officials will shed more light in the ongoing investigations at the DCI offices.

It is not clear whether any of the land owners were compensated.
National Lands Commision is said to be fully aware of the transaction and it’s officials will shed more light in the ongoing investigations at the DCI offices.

India: How #MeToo is battling gender-based violence

Dan Ojumah

February 27, 2019

The #MeToo movement swept India last year when the Bollywood actress Tanushree Dutta accused actor and filmmaker Nana Patekar of sexually harassing her in 2008 on the set for the film Horn OK Pleassss. In October last year, she also filed a First Information Report (FIR) against him and others with police. It has been reported that Patekar has denied the allegations and issued a legal notice to her to withdraw the allegations. Dutta was also in the news more recently, putting a “curse” on film choreographer Ganesh Acharya, actor Rakhi Sawant and producer Sami Siddiqui for what she suggested was enabling the alleged abuse.

These allegations made by such a well-known figure changed the course of the #MeToo movement in India and opened the floodgates for many other women working in Bollywood, the media, corporations and government to allege sexual harassment by high-profile and powerful men. Social media platforms were flooded with #MeToo stories and outrage, highlighting what has always been a taboo subject in India: the extent of harassment and violence against women, along with the deep-rooted injustice and inequality they face.

The #MeToo campaign has provided a gateway for Indian women to vocalise the “enough is enough” message and seek justice. Some have referred to it as revolutionary. Sadly, the reality is that the majority of women who have encountered harassment will not – or cannot – come forward and voice their stories of victimisation.

The deluge of allegations should not come as a surprise. The wholly patriarchal nature of Indian society has normalised all forms of gender-based violence and inhibited womens’ access to justice. It is widely seen as inevitable that being female in India equates to being a recipient of injustice, inequality and all its various manifestations, including harassment. Sexual harassment towards women in India, often referred to as “eve-teasing”, is seen as an endemic and persistent condition, a fact of life.

Of course, this is a global issue. Globally, women are expected to “prove” that they have been victimised and that they are speaking the truth. Globally, women have long been the silent victims of violence. Globally, the #MeToo movement has highlighted the scale and prevalence of sexual harassment. Globally, the #MeToo movement signals outrage that women have been persistently silent for fear of the consequences of speaking out and victim shaming.

But will #MeToo be the means for truly tackling gender-based violence in India?

#MeToo in 2019

The impact of #MeToo in India has been immediate. But for many the journey to justice from filing a complaint with the police to prosecution is an arduous and time-consuming one. Due process in India is laborious and bureaucratic. Far more effective implementation of the laws is needed from all stakeholders. The laws are there, but the effective implementation and practice of them is cumbersome and restrained by cultural and bureaucratic pressures.

The #MeToo movement is growing and men are joining the debate. The movement has raised awareness of everyone’s responsibility to be duly diligent about their behaviour and actions. That high-profile and powerful men have been accused demonstrates that no one is immune. There is recognition among men that there are repercussions for their inappropriate and violent behaviour towards women. Women will no longer stay quiet or shamed.

A simple message, but implementing it in India will be a mammoth task. Shutterstock

But it is important to acknowledge that there is a distinct class narrative to the #MeToo movement in India. It is elite, upper class, empowered and financially independent women who are coming forward. For lower class, rural, uneducated and disempowered women, the #MeToo movement provides little safeguard from the daily abuse and harassment.

All women deserve equal access to justice and safety, but this is less likely for socially and economically marginalised women. The statistics on rape and child abuse in India are horrific, with a one child being sexually abused every 15 minutes and four cases of rape every hour.

A movement for all

For the #MeToo movement to have greater impact and be truly revolutionary, it needs to reach each and every community across India. It must also be acknowledged that women are not a homogeneous group. They have a multitude of identities determined by values, faith, economic position, culture, caste, understandings and embodiments of the patriarchy, familial control, justice, equality, sexism and misogyny. Any dialogue must also include men as vital contributors to the movement and advocates for ending gender-based violence.

The mission to combat and end gender-based violence requires men and women to work together, to find a platform for unity and to celebrate gender equality as something that benefits all. Ending gender-based violence cannot be accomplished without men being part of the endeavour – and the demonisation of men via campaigns such as #MeToo does nothing to progress the mission.

The #MeToo movement is yet another catalyst to tackle the gender-based violence that permeates Indian society – at all levels, in all communities and across all institutions. This is a mammoth endeavour, but one that can be achieved. Dynamic, forward-thinking, gender-inclusive initiatives and projects focused on driving gender equality are needed.

It will require grassroots activism, persistence and holistic partnerships, along with a strong political will and the endorsement at both central and state level. A zero-tolerance approach is needed. There is great work being undertaken to tackle gender-based violence by a diverse range of organisations, including the police, but much more is needed if a true revolution in to become a reality.

Sunita Toor, Principal Lecturer in Criminology, Sheffield Hallam University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is the new reality

Dan Ojumah

February 27, 2019

Ethiopia’s Grand Renaissance Dam, which is under construction, is a source of anger for Egypt. EPA-EFE/STR Shimelis Dessu, Florida International University

Africa’s longest river, the Nile runs through 11 countries. One of them is Ethiopia which contributes about 85% of the Nile water flowing to Sudan and Egypt. The 11 nations are hoping that the massive Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, which is currently under construction, will open up many new opportunities from electric power supply to reducing evaporation losses.

When completed, the dam will have installed capacity to generate 6000 MW electricity to relieve Ethiopia’s acute energy shortage and also export to Sudan and possibly Egypt. The dam can store 74 billion cubic metres of water, about half the volume of the Aswan High Dam in Egypt.

A project of this size also, inevitably, brings challenges. Some of these relate to technical issues and other to the region’s politics.

Diplomatic concerns include the fact that, for a long time, Egypt and Sudan have believed that they have more right to the waters of the Nile than other countries. The Nile Basin Initiative was set up in 1999 to foster cooperation among the 11 countries that share the river. But its work has been hindered by Sudan and Egypt’s attitude, among other issues.

A new book, which I coauthored, explores why Ethiopia took unilateral decision in 2011 to begin construction on the dam. It also looks at what pushed Ethiopia to break away from discussions and attempts at diplomatic cooperation. One theme we explore is that the dam represents a push back against Egypt’s view of itself as the region’s water powerhouse and “guardian” of the Nile River.

The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam will offer great benefits to all 11 countries and their citizens. Any ongoing tension between Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt might stifle those benefits. Continued and transparent diplomatic engagement is needed to broker a better relationship between all the countries along the Nile.

Concerns

The biggest mega-structure on the Nile River is the Aswan High Dam. It has stood for the last 60 years as a symbol of Egypt’s hegemony on the river, and provided Egypt with power, water security and a strategic geopolitical advantage.

When completed, Ethiopia’s dam will challenge the status quo set by the Aswan High Dam. Both dams, then, will tower over different portions of the Nile River – and starkly represent the dependence of the two nations on the river’s water.

Egypt has made no secret of its unhappiness about Ethiopia’s plan. It has questioned whether the new dam will be suitably safe. It has also expressed concerns about the potential impact the initial filling of the dam will have on areas downstream. It will take between eight and ten years to fill the new dam. Egypt says this will interrupt its own water and power supply.

Ethiopia, meanwhile, says the filling will have minimal effect on other countries. It argues that Egypt and Sudan will benefit from a reduction in flooding and silting, and that the dam will be a boon for water conservation.

Egypt seems reluctant to recognise any potential benefits, and openly dismissive of Ethiopia’s right to develop its own water resources. Research has shown that the effects of filling the dam may initially dent Egypt’s water supply – but this trend will reverse once the dam is fully operational. Egypt can improve its irrigation practice and demand management to reduce the impact of reduced flow.

Another study has suggested the dam will actually provide considerable long term benefits to both Egypt and Sudan by providing steady flow and reducing evaporation losses.

The way forward

It’s crucial that all the Nile nations get together to talk through concerns and fears, and bury the hatchet. Diplomacy should be supported by sound technical data. The international community will need to continue to facilitate dialogue and provide technical and financial support for a positive outcome in the region.

The proposed dam is the new reality in the Nile, and agreement among all Nile countries is urgent. Constructive public engagement about it can go a long way to creating a solid economic, social and cultural bond among those countries.

It’s vital to negotiate towards a common goal that’s beneficial to all nations in the Nile Basin. The dam is an opportunity to craft a realistic cooperation framework as a blueprint for similar future endeavours in the basin and elsewhere.

Shimelis Dessu, Postdoctoral Associate at Department of Earth & Environment, and Southeast Environment Research Center of the Institute of Water and Environment, Florida International University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

President Kenyatta congratulates President Buhari : Full Statement

Dan Ojumah

February 27, 2019

CONGRATULATORY MESSAGE TO H:E MUHAMMADU BUHARI, THE PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA FROM H:E PRESIDENT UHURU KENYATTA

Excellency and Dear Brother,

I write to convey my warm congratulations following your re-election as the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Your election victory is a clear demonstration of the trust and confidence the people of Nigeria have in your ability to lead your country to greater heights of progress.

Kenya and Nigeria enjoy longstanding cordial relations and a strong cooperation in many areas. I look forward to continue working closely with Your Excellency to in consolidating these mutually beneficial areas of cooperation for the greater good of our two countries.

I wish Your Excellency good health and success as you lead your great nation to higher levels of prosperity in your second term in office.

Accept, Your Excellency and Dear Brother, my renewed assurance of close cooperation of the Republic of Kenya and the Federal Republic of Nigeria.

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